The report from the Strategic Posture Commission comes amid tensions with China over Taiwan and other issues and worsening frictions with Russia over its invasion of Ukraine.
A senior official involved in the report declined to say if the panel's intelligence briefings showed any Chinese and Russian nuclear weapons cooperation.
The report contrasts with U.S. President Joe Biden's position that the current U.S. nuclear arsenal is sufficient to deter the combined forces of Russia and China.
"The United States and its allies must be ready to deter and defeat both adversaries simultaneously," the Strategic Posture Commission said.
It should also extend the operational lives of ballistic missile submarines and deploy more tactical nuclear weapons in Asia and Europe.
Persons:
Ian Dudley, Madelyn, Jon Kyl, Joe Biden's, Jonathan Landay, Lisa Shumaker
Organizations:
Minuteman, Daylight, Vandenberg Air Force Base, . Air Force, REUTERS, Rights, Democratic, Republican, Thomson
Locations:
California, U.S, Handout, United States, Russia, China, Taiwan, Ukraine, Russian, Asia, Europe